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Background & Aim: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the worst kinds of traumatic injuries with remarkable social and economic effects on communities.

Methods & Materials/Patients: In this prospective randomized clinical trial, 122 patients with traumatic spinal cord injury were admitted to Poursina hospital within 48 h of injury to compare G-CSF and high-dose methylprednisolone as neuroprotective therapy.

Results:122 patients were studied. Out of 62 patients in the G-CSF group with a mean age of 40.4 .The Methylprednisolone group also included 60 patients with an average age of 40.10 years. 55 patients (45%) out of 122 patients were completely paralyzed (Grade AIS: A) and 67 (55%) were with incomplete spinal injury (Grade AIS: B, C, D).The average ASIA motor scores in the two groups in sequential intervals of first day, 7th day, 3 and six months later were compared in two groups. The p values were 0.7, 0.4, 0.1 and 0.05 respectively. The average ASIA sensory scores in the two groups was similarly compared in the same time intervals and p values were 0.7, 0.3, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively. They were not shown to be statistically significant. Only the comparison between average ASIA motor and sensory scores in the two groups of male patients sub group differed significantly within six months of onset of G-CSF treatment (p value 0.04). The average ASIA motor scores improvement in the falls subgroup patients also differed significantly within six months of onset of G-CSF treatment (p value 0.03).

Conclusion: According to the results the G-CSF show beneficial in average ASIA motor and sensory scores in the two groups of male patients at six months of onset of G-CSF treatment (p value 0.04) and average ASIA motor scores improvement in the falls subgroup patients also differed significantly within six months of onset of G-CSF treatment (p value 0.03). a multicentre prospective randomized clinical trial to compare the placebo effect  with G-CSF protocol’s treatment, and also assessment of the cost benefits of the common medical treatment versus G-CSF is needed

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